Effects of Low-Frequency Ultrasound on the Drying Process, Microstructure, Surface Chemistry, and Crystallinity of Milk Powders with Varying Casein-to-Whey Ratios and Calcium Addition

<p id="p1">This study investigates the effects of casein-to-whey protein ratios, ultrasound pre-treatment, and calcium addition on the surface composition, microstructure, and crystallinity of spray-dried milk powders. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) showed that protein is the predominant com...

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Autores principales:	Zhao, Yuanyuan, Saxena, Juhi, Chandrapala, Jayani, Truong, Tuyen
Formato:	Capítulo de libro
Lenguaje:	inglés
Publicado:	IntechOpen 2026
Materias:	Life Sciences
Acceso en línea:	https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/1224619
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