Advances in Semiconductor Materials and Devices: Beyond the Silicon Horizon
<p>Semiconductors form the technological foundation of modern society, enabling transformative advances across communication, computing, transportation, healthcare, energy, and industrial automation. From smartphones and cloud computing infrastructures to electric vehicles, artificial intelligence p...
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| Autores principales: | , |
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| Formato: | Capítulo de libro |
| Lenguaje: | inglés |
| Publicado: |
IntechOpen
2026
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/1236737 |
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| Sumario: | <p>Semiconductors form the technological foundation of modern society, enabling transformative advances across communication, computing, transportation, healthcare, energy, and industrial automation. From smartphones and cloud computing infrastructures to electric vehicles, artificial intelligence platforms, and advanced medical imaging systems, semiconductor devices have become essential components of the global digital ecosystem. For more than five decades, semiconductor progress has been guided by Moore’s Law, driven primarily by continuous scaling of complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technologies. However, as transistor dimensions approach atomic-scale limits, further scaling faces significant physical, technological, economic, and environmental challenges. To sustain the advancement of computing and electronic systems, the semiconductor industry is exploring a broad range of emerging technologies beyond traditional silicon scaling. These include innovative transistor architectures, advanced lithography techniques such as extreme ultraviolet (EUV) patterning, novel semiconductor materials, three-dimensional integration, chiplet-based architectures, and heterogeneous integration approaches. In parallel, alternative computing paradigms—including quantum computing, spintronics, neuromorphic computing, and photonic computing—are being developed to address the growing demands for higher performance, energy efficiency, and specialized computational capabilities. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of these emerging semiconductor frontiers, emphasizing the convergence of materials science, device physics, manufacturing technologies, and artificial intelligence in shaping the next generation of electronic systems. Beyond technological advancement, it examines the broader societal implications of semiconductor innovation, including sustainability, global supply-chain resilience, geopolitical competition, workforce development, and equitable access to advanced technologies. Together, these developments define the pathway toward a post-silicon era of computing and its impact on the future of society.</p> |
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| ISBN: | 978-1-80631-121-7 |
| DOI: | 10.5772/intechopen.1014039 |