An Analysis of the Implication of Estrogens and Steroid Receptor Coactivators in the Genetic Basis of Gender Incongruence
In mammals, sex differences in the adult brain are established very early in development, when the brain is still very immature. In the case of having inherited the SRY gene, during embryogenesis, testosterone secreted by the testes enters the brain and is converted to estradiol by the aromatase. Th...
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| Formato: | Capítulo de libro |
| Lenguaje: | inglés |
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IntechOpen
2021
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| Acceso en línea: | https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/75713 |
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| author | Fernández, Rosa Ramírez, Karla Delgado-Zayas, Enrique Gómez-Gil, Esther Esteva, Isabel Guillamon, Antonio Pásaro, Eduardo |
| author_browse | Delgado-Zayas, Enrique Esteva, Isabel Fernández, Rosa Guillamon, Antonio Gómez-Gil, Esther Pásaro, Eduardo Ramírez, Karla |
| author_facet | Fernández, Rosa Ramírez, Karla Delgado-Zayas, Enrique Gómez-Gil, Esther Esteva, Isabel Guillamon, Antonio Pásaro, Eduardo |
| author_sort | Fernández, Rosa |
| building | IntechOpen |
| collection | Acceso abierto |
| description | In mammals, sex differences in the adult brain are established very early in development, when the brain is still very immature. In the case of having inherited the SRY gene, during embryogenesis, testosterone secreted by the testes enters the brain and is converted to estradiol by the aromatase. Then the estradiol acts by binding to intracellular estrogen receptors (ERs) located predominantly in neurons, masculinizing specific brain regions. But ERs are also transcription factors that, when they are exposed to their ligand, dimerize and form complexes with coactivator proteins and corepressors, modifying the transcription of multiple target genes in a cascade effect and ultimately neuronal function. Given the intimate relationship between steroids and brain dimorphism, and steroid coactivators and gene transcription, in the present work, we further explore the implication of ERs α and β, and steroid coactivators NCoA-1, NCoA-2, NCoA-3, NCoA-4, NCoA-5 and p300-CREBBP, in the genesis of brain dimorphism. Based on our data, we believe that the coactivators NCOA-1, NCOA-2 and p300-CREBBP could be considered as candidate genes for GI. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.5772/intechopen.96668 |
| first_indexed | 2026-10-15T21:39:10Z |
| format | Book Chapter |
| fullrecord | <oai_dc:dc xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"><identifier>intech-75713</identifier><datestamp>2021-03-14</datestamp>
<dc:title>An Analysis of the Implication of Estrogens and Steroid Receptor Coactivators in the Genetic Basis of Gender Incongruence</dc:title>
<dc:creator>Rosa Fernández</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Karla Ramírez</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Enrique Delgado-Zayas</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Esther Gómez-Gil</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Isabel Esteva</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Antonio Guillamon</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Eduardo Pásaro</dc:creator>
<dc:subject>Health Sciences</dc:subject>
<dc:description>In mammals, sex differences in the adult brain are established very early in development, when the brain is still very immature. In the case of having inherited the SRY gene, during embryogenesis, testosterone secreted by the testes enters the brain and is converted to estradiol by the aromatase. Then the estradiol acts by binding to intracellular estrogen receptors (ERs) located predominantly in neurons, masculinizing specific brain regions. But ERs are also transcription factors that, when they are exposed to their ligand, dimerize and form complexes with coactivator proteins and corepressors, modifying the transcription of multiple target genes in a cascade effect and ultimately neuronal function. Given the intimate relationship between steroids and brain dimorphism, and steroid coactivators and gene transcription, in the present work, we further explore the implication of ERs α and β, and steroid coactivators NCoA-1, NCoA-2, NCoA-3, NCoA-4, NCoA-5 and p300-CREBBP, in the genesis of brain dimorphism. Based on our data, we believe that the coactivators NCOA-1, NCOA-2 and p300-CREBBP could be considered as candidate genes for GI.</dc:description>
<dc:publisher>IntechOpen</dc:publisher>
<dc:date>2021-03-14</dc:date>
<dc:type>Chapter, Part Of Book</dc:type>
<dc:identifier>https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/75713</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>doi:10.5772/intechopen.96668</dc:identifier>
<dc:language>en</dc:language>
<dc:relation>ISBN:978-1-83969-137-9</dc:relation>
<dc:rights>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/</dc:rights>
<dc:source>https://www.intechopen.com/books/10464 ; Oxytocin and Health</dc:source>
</oai_dc:dc> |
| id | intech-75713 |
| institution | IntechOpen |
| isbn | 978-1-83969-137-9 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2026-10-15T21:39:10Z |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | IntechOpen |
| publisherStr | IntechOpen |
| record_format | oai_dc |
| spelling | intech-757132021-03-14 An Analysis of the Implication of Estrogens and Steroid Receptor Coactivators in the Genetic Basis of Gender Incongruence Rosa Fernández Karla Ramírez Enrique Delgado-Zayas Esther Gómez-Gil Isabel Esteva Antonio Guillamon Eduardo Pásaro Health Sciences In mammals, sex differences in the adult brain are established very early in development, when the brain is still very immature. In the case of having inherited the SRY gene, during embryogenesis, testosterone secreted by the testes enters the brain and is converted to estradiol by the aromatase. Then the estradiol acts by binding to intracellular estrogen receptors (ERs) located predominantly in neurons, masculinizing specific brain regions. But ERs are also transcription factors that, when they are exposed to their ligand, dimerize and form complexes with coactivator proteins and corepressors, modifying the transcription of multiple target genes in a cascade effect and ultimately neuronal function. Given the intimate relationship between steroids and brain dimorphism, and steroid coactivators and gene transcription, in the present work, we further explore the implication of ERs α and β, and steroid coactivators NCoA-1, NCoA-2, NCoA-3, NCoA-4, NCoA-5 and p300-CREBBP, in the genesis of brain dimorphism. Based on our data, we believe that the coactivators NCOA-1, NCOA-2 and p300-CREBBP could be considered as candidate genes for GI. IntechOpen 2021-03-14 Chapter, Part Of Book https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/75713 doi:10.5772/intechopen.96668 en ISBN:978-1-83969-137-9 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ https://www.intechopen.com/books/10464 ; Oxytocin and Health |
| spellingShingle | Health Sciences Fernández, Rosa Ramírez, Karla Delgado-Zayas, Enrique Gómez-Gil, Esther Esteva, Isabel Guillamon, Antonio Pásaro, Eduardo An Analysis of the Implication of Estrogens and Steroid Receptor Coactivators in the Genetic Basis of Gender Incongruence |
| title | An Analysis of the Implication of Estrogens and Steroid Receptor Coactivators in the Genetic Basis of Gender Incongruence |
| title_full | An Analysis of the Implication of Estrogens and Steroid Receptor Coactivators in the Genetic Basis of Gender Incongruence |
| title_fullStr | An Analysis of the Implication of Estrogens and Steroid Receptor Coactivators in the Genetic Basis of Gender Incongruence |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Analysis of the Implication of Estrogens and Steroid Receptor Coactivators in the Genetic Basis of Gender Incongruence |
| title_short | An Analysis of the Implication of Estrogens and Steroid Receptor Coactivators in the Genetic Basis of Gender Incongruence |
| title_sort | analysis of the implication of estrogens and steroid receptor coactivators in the genetic basis of gender incongruence |
| topic | Health Sciences |
| url | https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/75713 |
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