Bovine Tropical Theileriosis: An Update
<p id="p1">Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) cause major economic losses and affect many domestic animals, mainly cattle and sheep, in tropical and subtropical regions. Tropical theileriosis is a TBD caused by a protozoon called <em><italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http:/...
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| Autores principales: | , |
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| Formato: | Capítulo de libro |
| Lenguaje: | inglés |
| Publicado: |
IntechOpen
2022
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/84253 |
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| Sumario: | <p id="p1">Tick-borne diseases (TBDs) cause major economic losses and affect many domestic animals, mainly cattle and sheep, in tropical and subtropical regions. Tropical theileriosis is a TBD caused by a protozoon called <em><italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">Theileria annulata</italic></em>, transmitted by several tick species of the genus Hyalomma. Clinical manifestations of theileriosis are expressed mainly as anorexia, febrile generalized lymphadenitis, and anemia, followed by lethargy, lacrimation, nasal discharge, and exophthalmia. Anemia is a feature point in tropical bovine theileriosis, and severity was positively related to parasitemia rates. Fatality due to infection is greatly dependent on the overproduction of cytokines, such as TNF-α, produced by the schizont-infected monocytes/macrophages and uninfected macrophages. Buparvaquone gave 86.66% clinical efficacy against <em><italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">Theileria annulata</italic></em>, but 97.1 and 95.2% efficacy against <em><italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">Theileria parva</italic></em>. In theileriosis, hemolysis occurs due to isoantibodies against RBCs. To prevent this isoantibody lysis, an immunosuppressive dose of a steroid such as dexamethasone at 2.2 mg/kg body weight could be used.</p> |
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| ISBN: | 978-1-83635-478-9 |
| DOI: | 10.5772/intechopen.107538 |