Inter-Relationship of Ki-67 and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous group characterized by an early onset, aggressive course of the disease, a higher tendency of visceral metastases, and a poorer prognosis. It is also associated with basal-like phenotype and germline mutations for BRCA genes in 10–20% and somat...
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| Autores principales: | , , |
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| Formato: | Capítulo de libro |
| Lenguaje: | inglés |
| Publicado: |
IntechOpen
2023
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/85580 |
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| Sumario: | Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous group characterized by an early onset, aggressive course of the disease, a higher tendency of visceral metastases, and a poorer prognosis. It is also associated with basal-like phenotype and germline mutations for BRCA genes in 10–20% and somatic mutations in 3–5% of cases. Based on gene expression profiling, TNBC is divided into four tumor-specific subtypes (Basal-like 1, Basal-like 2, Mesenchymal, and Luminal androgen receptor) with different clinical, prognostic, and therapeutic implications. The Ki-67 antigen, a non-histone nuclear protein, is a surrogate marker to assess tumor proliferation. As TNBCs are expected to be highly proliferating tumors, a higher baseline Ki-67 level has been seen. Although a higher Ki-67 level is associated with a higher pathological complete response rate, the best cutoff point of this marker as a prognostic and predictive factor in TNBC remains unclear. |
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| ISBN: | 978-1-80355-930-8 |
| DOI: | 10.5772/intechopen.109586 |