Autologous Adipose Tissue Stem Cell-Derived Terminally Differentiated Retinal Pigment Epithelium Monolayer on a Biocompatible Scaffold, to Restore Vision in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients
In Western countries, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the common cause of central visual loss in the elderly leading to gradual blindness. Studies implicate the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) as an important player in AMD pathogenesis, as progressive loss of RPE cells and photoreceptors...
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| Autor principal: | |
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| Formato: | Capítulo de libro |
| Lenguaje: | inglés |
| Publicado: |
IntechOpen
2024
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/89178 |
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| Sumario: | In Western countries, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the common cause of central visual loss in the elderly leading to gradual blindness. Studies implicate the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) as an important player in AMD pathogenesis, as progressive loss of RPE cells and photoreceptors lead to poor visual acuity. Several strategies aim to prevent the RPE degeneration by saving the damaged retinal cells or replacing them. Cell rescue provides retinal cells with trophic or immunomodulatory factors, whereas cell replacement aims to repair and regenerate neuroretina providing new cells. Currently, a major limitation is cell loss from subretinal injections of bolus cell suspensions. The most promising studies focus on tissue transplantation or RPE cell patches hosted on implantable scaffolds made of advanced biomaterials. The latter support the development of artificial 3D retinal constructs improving functional integration capacity and increasing the survival of implanted cells into the damaged retina. However, there is no consensus on the optimal RPE source, delivery strategy, cell dose and animal model for testing. This chapter aims to improve the efficacy of RPE grafting suggesting an optimal cell source, an efficient delivery method, and the topography of retina damage as a determining factor to calculate the effective therapeutic dose. |
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| ISBN: | 978-1-83768-291-1 |
| DOI: | 10.5772/intechopen.114249 |