Perspective Chapter: Optical Waveguides for Quantum Computation
Quantum computation demands various types of optical devices such as beam splitters, ring resonators, delay lines, switches, modulators, multiplexers, Mach-Zehnder interferometers, and phase shifters, to name a few. These devices are essentially engineered optical waveguides, in which the geometrica...
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| Formato: | Capítulo de libro |
| Lenguaje: | inglés |
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IntechOpen
2024
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/89425 |
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| Sumario: | Quantum computation demands various types of optical devices such as beam splitters, ring resonators, delay lines, switches, modulators, multiplexers, Mach-Zehnder interferometers, and phase shifters, to name a few. These devices are essentially engineered optical waveguides, in which the geometrical and material properties are chosen such that the optical losses are minimized, to preserve the single photon’s operation. Scattering loss, arising from the wall roughness, is the dominant loss mechanism in the optical waveguides, and its minimization should be taken into account, by either design or fabrication considerations. Different types of waveguide geometries including slab waveguides, strip waveguides, rib waveguides, Bragg grating waveguides, and hybrid waveguides have been utilized in this regard. Moreover, there are three main material categories, with generic fabrication processes, regarding the refractive index contrast of the core and cover. These include low, medium, and high index contrast materials, each owing its pros and cons. Finally, designing the bend waveguides with low bending loss is highly desirable, and circular bends, sinusoidal bends, Euler bends (normal and modified), and spline bends are some of the frequently used curvatures. This chapter reviews the key points in the design of optical waveguides for quantum applications. |
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| ISBN: | 978-0-85014-426-0 |
| DOI: | 10.5772/intechopen.114996 |