The Contribution of <i>Malus sieversii</i> to the Emergence and Diversity of Domesticated Apple Varieties
<p id="p1">The modern apple is a result of hybridization between wild apples and various landraces, with the genetic composition of <em><italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">Malus domest...
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| Autores principales: | , , |
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| Formato: | Capítulo de libro |
| Lenguaje: | inglés |
| Publicado: |
IntechOpen
2024
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/1193192 |
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| Sumario: | <p id="p1">The modern apple is a result of hybridization between wild apples and various landraces, with the genetic composition of <em><italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">Malus domestica</italic></em> being primarily shaped by the hybridization of wild species <em><italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">M. sieversii</italic></em>, <em><italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">M. baccata</italic></em>, <em><italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">M. orientalis</italic></em>, and <em><italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">M. sylvestris</italic></em>. The genetic purity of wild apple populations before and after domestication is a concern. <em><italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">Malus sieversii</italic></em> is the primary progenitor of modern apples, with 46% of the <em><italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">M. domestica</italic></em> genome originating from this species. Despite facing harsh environmental conditions, the species has continuously adapted, developing genetic resistance to both abiotic and biotic factors. This resilience makes it a valuable source for breeding purposes. The population analysis of <em><italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">M. sieversii</italic></em> in Kazakhstan indicates substantial genetic variety; yet there is a notable prevalence of gene flow from cultivated to wild apple populations. This hybridization process is likely intensifying the extinction risk faced by wild progenitors of apples, posing a threat to biodiversity preservation and hindering efforts to improve apple varieties, including enhancing resistance to abiotic stress and optimizing production capabilities.</p> |
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| ISBN: | 978-0-85014-766-7 |
| DOI: | 10.5772/intechopen.1006927 |